Greynurse Shark, Carcharias taurus and School Shark, Galeorhinus galeus

Plate 64, Figure 1. The Long-toothed Bull-Shark, or Shovel-nosed Shark, Odontaspis taurus (now known as Grey Nurse Shark, Carcharias taurus) found in "The Bay"

Plate 64, Figure 2. Australian Tope Shark, Galeus australis (now known as the School Shark, Galeorhinus galeus)

Grey Nurse Shark

This is one of the largest and most ferocious of our Sharks, and so common as to be an object of great terror to bathers, who occasionally suffer grievous lacerations when caught swimming even near the shore, towards which the species approaches into unusually shallow water.

The common name of Shovel-nosed Shark is given by the bay fisherman often to this species from the outline of the head, seen from above, being like the point of an unworn American or paddocking shovel in size and shape.

Enormous jaws of this species may often be seen in the fisherman's huts along the shore from Picnic Point to Mordialloc, and are easily known by the length and slenderness of the teeth, which are very numerous, about an inch long, and set in three of four rows on the under jaw, and two rows on the upper one, making a fearful armature of spikes, the lacerated wound produced by which is almost always fatal. One or two small teeth are remarkable as intervening between the third and fourth large ones on each side.

It is a very active and voracious species driving shoals of fish before it in terror as it dashes along; and it is one of those which will occasionally dart out of the water at a piece of meat, or the oar of a boat, or a man's arm or leg.

The great quantity of fish fit for the table devoured by this species induced the Government a few year ago to place large sums on the estimates to prevent its increase, by offering a reward to the fisherman for each one killed according to its size; and for want of authentic figures of the different species to refer to, the authorities were ludicrously imposed upon by the fishermen bringing myriads of the harmless little blunt-toothed Dog-fish and other small species of Sharks, which they gravely presented as the young of this gigantic one, and got paid for, at so much a foot, to the amount of many hundreds of pounds.

Its geographical range is very great, extending to the Cape of Good Hope and to the American coast, where individuals are often found to have remains of men and clothing in them when cut up; and it is the commonest of the large sharks seen swimming round our bathing enclosures in Hobson's Bay.

School Shark

This is a common Dog-fish in Hobson's Bay, usually from four to five feet long, of a graceful tapering form...

The young when brought forth are about 1 foot long, from thirty to fifty being found in a single female. At this size the unabsorbed portion of the egg, 1 inch in diameter, hangs from them. It is a very interesting sight to see, in the summer, the whole band of twenty of thirty little ones swimming about after, and generally under the parent, with an obvious display of mutual affection which is not looked for in fish which are not viviparous like this.

Like the English Tope (which has thirty or forty young twice a year), this is a most prolific Dog-fish, and is so abundant and so voracious for its size as to seriously affect the supply of the smaller sorts of fish, and is much hated by the fisherman accordingly. It is exceedingly active, and has the same habit as its European representative of swiftly rolling the line round its body when hooked, coming thus to the surface. It is more frequently caught by persons fishing with a line from the end of the piers for Flatheads than the latter.

This species has not been figured before.